引言
JINNIANLAI，HUANJINGWURANYINQIDESHEHUIWENTIRIJIANPINFA，GUOJIADUICIYECAIQULEDUOZHONGYOULICUOSHIDALITUIJINHUANJINGWURANDEFANGZHIGONGZUO，CONG“SHUISHITIAO”、“TUSHITIAO”、“DAQISHITIAO”DAOGOUJIANCHANGTAIHUAHUANBAODUCHAWENZEJIZHIDENGYIXILIEZHENGCECUOSHI，KEJIANZHONGYANGCENGMIANSHANGDUIHUANBAOWENTIDEZHONGSHICHENGDUKEWEIZHONGZHONGZHIZHONG。LAJISHENLVYEDECHULIYIZHISHIYIGESHIJIEXINGDEHUANBAONANTI，GUOQUYOUYUZHENGCEZHIXING、JIANGUANLIDUBUGOUYANGE，LAJICHULICHANGCHAOBIAOPAIFANG，SHENZHITOUPAI、LOUPAIDENGXIANXIANGYEPINPINCHUXIAN，SUIZHEDANGQIANYANGEDEHUANBAODUCHAZHIDUDEJIANLI，CAIQUNAXIECUOSHI、RUHEDAPODANGQIANSHENLVYECHULIBUDABIAODEKUNJUCHENGWEIGEGEDIFANGZHENGFUGEDIBUDEBUZHIMIANDENANTI。
详解垃圾渗滤液
LAJISHENLVYESHIZHILAJIZAITIANMAIHEDUIFANGGUOCHENGZHONGYOUYULAJIZHONGYOUJIWUZHIFENJIECHANSHENGDESHUIHELAJIZHONGDEYOULISHUI、JIANGSHUIYIJIRUSHENDEDIXIASHUIDENGTONGGUOLINRONGZUOYONGERXINGCHENGDEWUSHUI，DANGLAJIDUITIDESHIDUCHAOGUOQICHISHUINENGLIHOU，LAJIDUITINEIXUANFUDEHUORONGJIEDEYOUJIWURANWUHEZHONGJINSHUDENGWUJIWURANWUJIANGHUISUIZHIYIKUAIRONGCHU，BIANHUICHANSHENGSHENLVYE。
MUQIAN，WOGUOHENDUOCHENGSHIHAICUNZAISHULIANGPANGDADEJIANYILAJITIANMAICHANG，QILINIANLAJIDUICUNLIANGYIDASHUSHIYIDUN。 XIANYUDANGSHIJINGJI、JISHUDENGYUANYIN，YIXIETIANMAICHANGWEINENGANZHAOWEISHENGTIANMAICHANGDEYAOQIUJINXINGSHEJI、JIANSHE、YUNYING，SUIZHECHENGSHIGUIMODEXUNSUKUO DA，ZHEIXIEYUANXIANWEIYUCHENGJIAODETIANMAICHANG，YIZHUJIANWEIYUHUOKAOJINCHENGSHIDERENKOUMIJIQU，CHENGWEICHENGSHIZHONGYAODEWURANYUAN。YINSHIYONGNIANXIANDAOQI、HUANBAOYAOQIUTIGAODENGYUANYIN，ZHEIXIEJIANYILAJITIANMAICHANGJIANGMIANLINFENGCHANG。QUBIEYUYIBANWEISHENGTIANMAICHANG，JIANYILAJITIANMAICHANGDEFENGCHANGYINGSHOUXIANJIEJUEXIANYOUHUANJINGWURANZHILIWENTI。ERSHENLVYECHULIZESHIFENGCHANGGUOCHENGSHANGDAIJIEJUEDEGUANJIANWENTIZHIYI。MUQIANWOGUOCHENGSHISHENGHUOLAJITIANMAICHULISHESHIZHONGCHANSHENGSHENLVYEDAYUE6.4WANDUN/TIAN，JUYUCEDAO2020NIANSHENLIYECHANSHENGLIANGJIANGDADAO3351WANDUN/NIAN。GUOJIAZAISHENLVYECHULIFANGMIANYEGAODUZHONGSHI，ZAI《QUANGUODIXIASHUIWURANFANGZHIGUIHUA（2011-2020NIAN）》、《SHUIWURANFANGZHIXINGDONGJIHUA》、《GUOMINJINGJIHESHEHUIFAZHANDISHISANGEWUNIANGUIHUAGANGYAO》、《GUOJIAHUANJINGBAOHU“SHISANWU”KEJIFAZHANGUIHUAGANGYAO》DENGZHENGCEZHONGJUNMINGQUEYAOQIUZUOHAOLAJISHENLIYECHULICHUZHIGONGZUO。
垃圾渗沥液的特点
LAJISHENLIYEDESHUIZHITEZHENGBIAOXIANWEI：
1、SHUIZHIFUZA，BUJINHANYOUHAOYANGYOUJIWURANWU、GELEIJINSHUHEZHIWUYINGYANGSU（ANDANDENG），HAIKENENGHANYOUDUYOUHAIDEYOUJIWURANWU；
2、WURANWUNONGDUGAOQIEBIANHUAFANWEIDA，CODHEBODZUIGAOKEGAODAJIWAN；
3、YANFENHANLIANGGAO，CAIYONGMOCHULIHUIYOUYUSHENTOUYAGUODAZAOCHENGCHANSHUILVGUODI，JINCAIYONGSHENGHUACHULIHUIYINHANYANLIANGGUOGAOZAOCHENGQIDONGKUNNAN，FUHEJIAODI，YUNXINGBUWEN；
4、JINSHUHANLIANGGAO，QIZHONGZHONGJINSHULIZIHUIDUISHENGWUCHULICHANSHENGYIZHIZUOYONG；
5、ANDANHANLIANGGAO，C/NBILISHIDIAO，JISHENGWUCHULIDAILAIYIDINGDEKUNNAN。
渗滤液处理达标为何如此之难
DANGQIAN，GUONEIDADUOSHULAJICHULICHANGDOUXUYAODUILAJICHANSHENGDESHENLVYEJINXINGCHULI，ZHEICHUXIANLEYIGEJIAODADESHENLVYECHULISHICHANG，RANER，YOUYUCHULIJISHUBUSHIYONG、CHENGBENGUOGAO、JIANGUANBUYANDENGDUOZHONGYUANYIN，DAOZHIDANGQIANDADUOSHUCHULICHANGWUFAANZHAOPAIFANGYAOQIUCHULISHENLVYE，SHENZHIHUICHUXIANYIXIETOUPAI、LOUPAIDEXIANXIANG。NEIME，WEIHESHENLVYEDABIAOCHULIRUCIZHINANNI？BIZHERENWEIQIYUANYINYOUYIXIAJIFANGMIAN：
1、CHULIJISHUBUNENGGOUMANZUDABIAOCHUSHUIYAOQIU。YOUYUSHENLVYECHENGFENFUZA、WURANWUNONGDUGAODENG，DAOZHICHULINANDUDA，ZAISHENLVYECHULIXIANGMUYUNYINGHOUKENENGHUICHUXIANHENDUOYUNYINGFANGMIANDEWENTI；BINGQIEYOUYUYIXIESHENLVYECHULIXIANGMUSHANGMASHI，MEIYOUZUOHAOQIANQIDIAOYANGONGZUO，YOUYUSHENLVYESHUIZHI、SHUILIANGBIANHUADENGYUANYINSHIDEYUANYOUPEITAODECHULIGONGYIBUNENGGOUMANZUSHIJIYUNYINGYAOQIU，DAOZHILAJICHULICHANGWUSHUICHAOBIAOPAIFANG。
2、CHULICHENGBENGUOGAO。DAOZHIQIYEBUKANCHENGBENYALI，CAIQUTOUPAI、LOUPAIDENGFANGSHIPAIFANGSHENLVYE。YOUYULAJICHULICHANGDEYUNYINGSHOURUFEIYONGDANYI，RANERZAISHIJIYUNXINGQINGKUANGXIA，XUYAODEYUNXINGZHICHUFEIYONGJIAOGAO，ZHEISHIDELAJICHULICHANGYIBANDOUCHUYUWEICHIXIANZHUANGDEQINGKUANG，BUYUANYINACHUDUOYUDEJINGFEIYONGYUZHIFUGAOEDESHENLVYECHULIFEIYONG。ZHEIZHONGQINGKUANGXIA，LAJICHULICHANGDUISHENLVYECHULIBUDABIAOJIUPAIFANG，SHENZHITONGGUOTOUPAI、LOUPAIDENGFANGSHITAOBICHULIZEREN，YINQIDEHUANJINGWURANWENTIYEPINPINFASHENG。
3、JIANGUANBUYAN。ZHENGFUDUIYULAJICHULICHANGPAIFANGQINGKUANGJIANDUBUDAOWEI，DUIRICHULICHANGRICHANGQINGKUANGBUGOULEJIE，ZHEIZAIKEGUANSHANGJILECHULICHANGZUANKONGZIDEJIHUI，GENGYOUYIXIEDIQUDUIYUZHIFAJIANGUANBUFENZERENBUMINGQUE，CHUXIANHUANJINGWENTIHOU，GEGEGUANLIBUMENHUXIANGTUIWEI，TUIXIEZEREN，ZHEIYEGENGJIAZHUZHANGLEDANGDILAJICHULICHANGBUANZHAOBIAOZHUNPAIFANGFEISHUIDEQISHI，SHIHUANJINGWENTIGENGJIAYANZHONG。
垃圾渗滤液的处理技术
SHENLIYECHULIGONGYIANLIUCHENGKEFENWEIYUCHULI、SHENGWUCHULI、SHENDUCHULIHEHOUCHULI（WUNICHULIHENONGSUOYECHULI）。YINGGENJUSHENLIYEDEJINSHUISHUIZHI、SHUILIANGJIPAIFANGBIAOZHUNXUANZEJUTIDECHULIGONGYIZUHEFANGSHI。ZHUYAODEZUHEFANGSHIYOUYIXIAJIZHONG：
1、YUCHULI+SHENGWUCHULI+SHENDUCHULI+HOUCHULI
2、YUCHULI+SHENDUCHULI+HOUCHULI
3、SHENGWUCHULI+SHENDUCHULI+HOUCHULI
YUCHULIBAOKUOSHENGWUFA、WULIFA、HUAXUEFADENG，CHULIMUDEZHUYAOSHIQUCHUANDANHEWUJIZAZHI，HUOGAISHANSHENLIYEDEKESHENGHUAXING。
SHENGWUCHULIBAOKUOYANYANGFA、HAOYANGFADENG，CHULIDUIXIANGZHUYAOSHISHENLIYEZHONGDEYOUJIWURANWUHEANDANDENG。
SHENDUCHULIBAOKUONALV、FANSHENTOU、XIFUGUOLV、GAOJIHUAXUEYANGHUADENG，CHULIDUIXIANGZHUYAOSHISHENLIYEZHONGDEXUANFUWU、RONGJIEWUHEJIAOTIDENG。SHENDUCHULIYINGYIMOCHULIGONGYIWEIZHU，JUTIGONGYIYINGGENJUCHULIYAOQIUXUANZE。
HOUCHULIBAOKUOWUNIDENONGSUO、TUOSHUI、GANZAO、FENSHAOYIJINONGSUOYEZHENGFA、FENSHAODENG，CHULIDUIXIANGSHISHENLIYECHULIGUOCHENGCHANSHENGDESHENGYUWUNIYIJINALVHEFANSHENTOUCHANSHENGDENONGSUOYE。
如何解决“渗滤液达标”难题
严格监管
2015NIAN4YUE16RI，GUOWUYUANZHENGSHIFABU《SHUIWURANFANGZHIXINGDONGJIHUA》，JIANCHENG“SHUISHITIAO”，ZHEIBEIRENWEISHIZHONGYANGCENGMIANDUIYUSHUITIWURANFANGZHIGONGZUOQUANMIANYANGEJIANGUANDEKAIDUAN；TONGNIAN7YUE，ZHONGYANGSHENGAIZUDISHISICIHUIYISHENYITONGGUOLE《HUANJINGBAOHUDUCHAFANGAN（SHIXING）》，MINGQUEJIANLIHUANBAODUCHAJIZHI，TONGSHIZAIQUANGUOXIANQILEYICHANG“HUANBAOFENGBAO”；2016NIAN1YUE，ZHONGYANGHUANBAODUCHAZUJINRUHEBEIJINXINGSHIDIANDUCHA，BINGYU7YUEZHENGSHIKAISHIJINXINGQUANGUOFANWEINEIDEHUANBAODUCHA；JIEZHIMUQIAN，DISANPIDUCHAZUYIJINGZHUJIANXIACHENDAOJICENGDANWEI，SHENRULEJIEQUANGUOHUANJINGWENTI。GUOJIAZAIHUANBAOWENTISHANGTONGGUOXINGCHENGCHANGTAIHUADUCHAJIZHI，SHIXINGZUIYANGEDEJIANGUANZHIDU，YOULITUIJINHUANBAOWENTIDEFANGZHIGONGZUO，YERANGDANGQIANTUCHUDEHUANJINGWENTIWUCHUTAODUN，QIZHONGZAIZHONGYANGHUANBAODUCHAZUDEGONGKAITONGBAOZHONG，16GESHENGFENYOU8DIDELAJITIANMAICHANGSHENLVYECHULIBUDANG，DIFANGZHENGFUZAISHENLVYEWENTISHANGYETONGGUODUOZHONGXINGSHIJIAQIANGJIANGUAN，YOUXIAOEZHIBUDABIAOPAIFANGHETOUPAI、LOUPAIDENGBULIANGXIANXIANG，ZHEIDAOZHILAJICHULICHANGBUDEBUZHIMIANSHENLVYEDABIAOCHULIDEWENTI，YESHIDEDANGQIANSHENLVYECHULISHICHANGKAISHIHUOREQILAI。
加强源头管理，减少渗滤液产生量
TONGJIDAXUEHUANJINGKEXUEYUGONGCHENGXUEYUANJIAOSHOU、GUTIFEIWUCHULIYUZIYUANHUAYANJIUSUOSUOZHANGHEPINJINGZEJIANYITIAOCHULAIKANDAIZHEIGENANTI，“WOMENBUNENGZHIDINGZHUSHENLVYEDEMODUANCHULI，JINJINJUJIAOZAIPAIFANGBIAOZHUNSHANG，HAIBIXUGUANZHUSHENLVYESHIZENMECHANSHENGDE，RUTONGDAYUZHISHUI，ZHONGZAISHUDAO。”LAJISHENLVYEDECHANSHENGYUANTOUBAOKUOWAIYUANHENEIYUAN，RUGUOWAIYUANZUOHAOYUWUFENLIU，ZUOHAODIXIASHUI、YUSHUIJINGLIUDEKONGZHI，NEIYUANJIEHEGANSHILAJIZUFENDEFENLI，JIUKEDADAJIANSHAOSHENLVYEDECHANSHENGLIANGHEHOUDUANCHULIDEYALI。RUGUOJIEZHUJISHULILIANG，ZHEIXIANGGONGZUOHAIKEYIZUODEGENGHAO，WUNIANQIANZAIFAGUODEYICIXIANCHANGKAOCHAZHIJINRENGRANGHEPINJINGYINXIANGSHENKE：MEITIANDUIDUOSHAOLAJI，DUICHENGSHENMEXINGZHUANG，SHIANZHAOCHENGXUSHEJIHEGPSDINGWEIJINXINGDE。TAJIANYIGUONEIDELAJITIANMAICHANGYENENGYINRULEISIDEJISHUFANGFA，“XINFANGZIZHUANGXIU，ZUIRENZHENDEJIUSHICHUWEI。TIANMAICHANGSHICHENGSHIDEWEISHENGJIAN，YEXUYAOXIAOXINHEHU，JINGXINCAOZUO。
加强新型技术研发，采用合理技术手段
GEDAHUANBAOQIYEZHENDUISHENLVYECHULIYEZAIJIJIJINXINGYANFAGONGZUO，RUTONGGUOJIANGBUTONGGONGYIJINXINGJIEHEFUHEXINGCHULISHENLVYE，YIXIEQIYEYEJIANGHUNNINGJISHU、GAOJIYANGHUADENGYINRUDAOSHENLVYECHULIZHONG。DANGQIAN，LAJISHENLVYECHULIDEJISHUNANDIANZAIYUDUIMONONGSUOYEDESHENDUCHULI，YOUYUMONONGSUOYEDEWURANWUNONGDUJIGAO，CHENGFENFUZA，DAOZHICHULINANDUSHIFENDA。DANGQIANJIAOWEIYOUXIAODECHULIFANGFASHICAIQUZHENGFAJIEJINGFA，ZHENGFAGONGYIBAOKUOMVC(Mechanical Vapor Compression)HEMVR(Mechanical Vapor Recompression)LIANGZHONGMOSHI，QICHULISHENLVYEDENONGSUOYEJUYOUQIDONGKUAI，HAONENGXIAO，NONGSUOYEBILIDI，ZHANDIMIANJIXIAODENGYOUDIAN。ZAOZAI2007NIAN，GANGRONGSHUIWUSHOUCIJIANGMVRZHENGFAQIYINGYONGYUGUONEILAJISHENLVYECHULI，MUQIAN，GUONEIYIYOUDUOGESHENLVYECHULIXIANGMUCAIYONGZHENGFAQIGONGYICHULINONGSUOYE，BINGQIEGAIFANGFAYEZAIBUDUANGAIJINZHONG，RULANDEHUANBAOCAIYONGGAIJINMVRGONGYIZAIGUONEISHOUCISHIXIANLEKEYIZHIJIEBANONGSUOYEQUANBUZHENGFAJIEJINGCHENGGUTIDEJISHU，TIANBULENONGSUOYECHULILINGPAIFANGDEKONGBAI。
结语
面对日益严重的环境污染问题和严格的环保督查制度，地方政府不得不直面各种环保难题，一直以来，垃圾渗滤液问题就是困扰地方政府、危害当地生态环境、影响当地民众生活的难题。在当前严格的环保形势下，政府必将通过各项政策推进，市场导向等多少种手段引导企业进入该领域，为环保企业解决该难题提供制度保障；同时，通过积极研发、改进工艺等手段，针对渗滤液的环保技术业必将会快速发展。相信不远的未来，在政府、环保企业和社会各界的大力努力下，渗滤液问题定会得到妥善解决。 |
